UKHSA provides a specialist Chromosome Dosimetry Service to evaluate people known or suspected of being overexposed to ionising radiation. The specialist staff have extensive and long-standing experience, having provided biological dosimetry advice and services to thousands of customers representing all the major industry sectors as well as to users in the fields of education, research and medicine.
Ionising radiation can cause direct or indirect damage to DNA, which leads to a complex chain of responses, including activation of DNA damage signalling and repair proteins. Depending on the amount and complexity of damage, chromosome breaks can be repaired or mis-repaired. Mis-repair can lead to chromosome aberrations such as dicentrics (chromosome with two centromeres) or translocations (transfer of DNA material from one chromosome to another).
Members of the UKHSA Cytogenetics Group are internationally recognised as leading experts in research to identify, develop and validate biomarkers of radiation exposure. These can be used to provide an indication of radiation dose received by individuals in routine cases of suspected overexposure as well as for triage of large numbers of suspected exposed individuals in a radiation emergency. This work feeds directly into our Chromosomal Dosimetry Service.
CDS staff have published prolifically, with over 450 papers in the peer-reviewed scientific literature.
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Liz is a Ph. D. physics graduate with over 15 years of experience as a Radiation Protection Scientist at UKHSA's Chemical, Radiation Chemical and Environmental Hazards Division. As head of the Radiation Effects Department, Liz is responsible for a programme of research associated with understanding how exposure to ionising impacts health. Liz's main field of research is radiation biodosimetry - using the cytogenetic (cellular and chromosomal) effects of ionising radiation to estimate individual doses, and Liz also has wider interests in whole body radiation effects and non-cancer effects including cataractogenesis.
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Stephen has over 13 years' experience as a Radiation Protection Scientist at UKHSA and its predecessors. As head of the Cytogenetics Group and the Chromosome Dosimetry Service, Stephen's main field of research is radiation biodosimetry - using the cytogenetic (cellular and chromosomal) effects of ionising radiation to estimate individual doses. The service is further underpinned by Stephen and his colleagues' studies into the cytogenetic effects of ionising radiation and statistical methods to support research and development, and Stephen also has an interest in wider radiation protection, particularly whole-body radiation effects and radiation cataractogenesis.
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Visit the UKHSA Chromosomal Dosimetry Services pages to find out more about our core scientific research activities, networking and opportunities for collaboration.
RENEB Inter-Laboratory Comparison 2021: Inter-Assay Comparison of Eight Dosimetry Assays. Port M, Barquinero JF, Endesfelder D, Moquet J, Oestreicher U, Terzoudi G, Trompier F, Vral A, Abe Y, Ainsbury L, Alkebsi L, Amundson SA, Badie C, Baeyens A, Balajee AS, Balázs K, Barnard S, Bassinet C, Beaton-Green LA, Beinke C, Bobyk L, Brochard P, Brzoska K, Bucher M, Ciesielski B, Cuceu C, Discher M, D Oca MC, Domínguez I, Doucha-Senf S, Dumitrescu A, Duy PN, Finot F, Garty G, Ghandhi SA, Gregoire E, Goh VST, Güçlü I, Hadjiiska L, Hargitai R, Hristova R, Ishii K, Kis E, Juniewicz M, Kriehuber R, Lacombe J, Lee Y, Lopez Riego M, Lumniczky K, Mai TT, Maltar-Strmečki N, Marrale M, Martinez JS, Marciniak A, Maznyk N, McKeever SWS, Meher PK, Milanova M, Miura T, Monteiro Gil O, Montoro A, Moreno Domene M, Mrozik A, Nakayama R, O'Brien G, Oskamp D, Ostheim P, Pajic J, Pastor N, Patrono C, Pujol-Canadell M, Prieto Rodriguez MJ, Repin M, Romanyukha A, Rößler U, Sabatier L, Sakai A, Scherthan H, Schüle S, Seong KM, Sevriukova O, Sholom S, Sommer S, Suto Y, Sypko T, Szatmári T, Takahashi-Sugai M, Takebayashi K, Testa A, Testard I, Tichy A, Triantopoulou S, Tsuyama N, Unverricht-Yeboah M, Valente M, Van Hoey O, Wilkins RC, Wojcik A, Wojewodzka M, Younghyun L, Zafiropoulos D, Abend M. Radiat Res. 2023 Jun 1;199(6):535-555. doi: 10.1667/RADE-22-00207.1. PMID: 37310880 Free PMC article.
RENEB Inter-Laboratory Comparison 2021: The Gamma-H2AX Foci Assay. Moquet J, Ainsbury E, Balázs K, Barnard S, Hristova R, Lumniczky K, Port M, Roessler U, Scherthan H, Staynova A, Szatmári T, Wojewodzka M, Abend M. Radiat Res. 2023 Jun 1;199(6):591-597. doi: 10.1667/RADE-22-00205.1. PMID: 37057975
Individual response of the ocular lens to ionizing radiation. Barnard SGR, Hamada N. Int J Radiat Biol. 2023;99(2):138-154. doi: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2074166. Epub 2022 May 24. PMID: 35536112 Review.
Sensitivity and latency of ionising radiation-induced cataract. Ainsbury EA, Barnard SGR. Exp Eye Res. 2021 Nov;212:108772. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108772. Epub 2021 Sep 22. PMID: 34562436 Review.
The future of biological dosimetry in mass casualty radiation emergency response, personalized radiation risk estimation and space radiation protection. Ainsbury EA, Moquet J, Sun M, Barnard S, Ellender M, Lloyd D. Int J Radiat Biol. 2022;98(3):421-427. doi: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1980629. Epub 2021 Oct 4. PMID: 34515621
Early Responses to Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation in Cellular Lens Epithelial Models. Ahmadi M, Barnard S, Ainsbury E, Kadhim M. Radiat Res. 2022 Jan 1;197(1):78-91. doi: 10.1667/RADE-20-00284.1. PMID: 34324666
RENEB/EURADOS field exercise 2019: robust dose estimation under outdoor conditions based on the dicentric chromosome assay. Endesfelder D, Oestreicher U, Kulka U, Ainsbury EA, Moquet J, Barnard S, Gregoire E, Martinez JS, Trompier F, Ristic Y, Woda C, Waldner L, Beinke C, Vral A, Barquinero JF, Hernandez A, Sommer S, Lumniczky K, Hargitai R, Montoro A, Milic M, Monteiro Gil O, Valente M, Bobyk L, Sevriukova O, Sabatier L, Prieto MJ, Moreno Domene M, Testa A, Patrono C, Terzoudi G, Triantopoulou S, Histova R, Wojcik A. Int J Radiat Biol. 2021;97(9):1181-1198. doi: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1941380. Epub 2021 Jul 7. PMID: 34138666
Radiation-Induced Lens Opacity and Cataractogenesis: A Lifetime Study Using Mice of Varying Genetic Backgrounds. McCarron RA, Barnard SGR, Babini G, Dalke C, Graw J, Leonardi S, Mancuso M, Moquet JE, Pawliczek D, Pazzaglia S, De Stefano I, Ainsbury EA. Radiat Res. 2022 Jan 1;197(1):57-66. doi: 10.1667/RADE-20-00266.1. PMID: 33984859
Lens Epithelial Cell Proliferation in Response to Ionizing Radiation. Barnard S, Uwineza A, Kalligeraki A, McCarron R, Kruse F, Ainsbury EA, Quinlan RA. Radiat Res. 2022 Jan 1;197(1):92-99. doi: 10.1667/RADE-20-00294.1. PMID: 33984857
Radiation-induced DNA Damage and Repair in Lens Epithelial Cells of both Ptch1(+/-) and Ercc2(+/-) Mutated Mice. Barnard SGR, McCarron R, Mancuso M, De Stefano I, Pazzaglia S, Pawliczek D, Dalke C, Ainsbury EA. Radiat Res. 2022 Jan 1;197(1):36-42. doi: 10.1667/RADE-20-00264.1. PMID: 33652474
Radiation Biomarkers in Large Scale Human Health Effects Studies. Moquet J, Rothkamm K, Barnard S, Ainsbury E. J Pers Med. 2020 Oct 3;10(4):155. doi: 10.3390/jpm10040155. PMID: 33023046 Free PMC article.
A Simplified Calyculin A-Induced Premature Chromosome Condensation (PCC) Protocol for the Biodosimetric Analysis of High-Dose Exposure to Gamma Radiation. Sun M, Moquet J, Barnard S, Lloyd D, Ainsbury E. Radiat Res. 2020 Jun 1;193(6):560-568. doi: 10.1667/RR15538.1. PMID: 32216709
Radiation dose to the lens from CT of the head in young people. Harbron RW, Ainsbury EA, Barnard SGR, Lee C, McHugh K, Berrington de González A, Edyvean S, Pearce MS. Clin Radiol. 2019 Oct;74(10):816.e9-816.e17. doi: 10.1016/j.crad.2019.06.029. Epub 2019 Jul 30. PMID: 31375261
Inverse dose-rate effect of ionising radiation on residual 53BP1 foci in the eye lens. Barnard SGR, McCarron R, Moquet J, Quinlan R, Ainsbury E. Sci Rep. 2019 Jul 18;9(1):10418. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-46893-3. PMID: 31320710 Free PMC article.
A statistical framework for radiation dose estimation with uncertainty quantification from the γ-H2AX assay. Einbeck J, Ainsbury EA, Sales R, Barnard S, Kaestle F, Higueras M. PLoS One. 2018 Nov 28;13(11):e0207464. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207464. eCollection 2018. PMID: 30485322 Free PMC article.
Scoring rings in the cell fusion-induced premature chromosome condensation (PCC) assay for high dose radiation exposure estimation after gamma ray exposure. Sun M1, Moquet J1, Barnard S1, Lloyd D1, Ainsbury E1. Int J Radiat Biol. 2019 May 29:1-26. doi: 10.1080/09553002.2019.1625465.
BIODOSIMETRY AND BIODOSIMETRY NETWORKS FOR MANAGING RADIATION EMERGENCY. Kulka U, Wojcik A, Di Giorgio M, Wilkins R, Suto Y, Jang S, Quing-Jie L, Jiaxiang L, Ainsbury E, Woda C, Roy L, Li C, Lloyd D, Carr Z. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2018 Nov 13. doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncy137. [Epub ahead of print].
Dotting the eyes: mouse strain dependency of the lens epithelium to low dose radiation-induced DNA damage. Barnard SGR, Moquet J, Lloyd S, Ellender M, Ainsbury EA, Quinlan RA. Int J Radiat Biol. 2018 Oct 25:1-9. doi: 10.1080/09553002.2018.1532609.
J Moquet, M Higueras, E Donovan, S Boyle, S Barnard, C Bricknell, M Sun, L Gothard, G O'Brian, L Cruz-Garcia, C Badie, E Ainsbury and N Somaiah, 2018. Dicentric dose estimates for patients undergoing radiotherapy in the RTGene study to assess blood dosimetric models and the new Bayesian method for gradient exposure. Radiation Research, in press.
The impact of iodinated contrast media on intravascular and extravascular absorbed doses in X-ray imaging: A microdosimetric analysis. Harbron RW, Ainsbury EA, Bouffler SD, Tanner RJ, Pearce MS, Eakins JS. Phys Med. 2018 Feb;46:140-147. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.02.001.
Quantities for assessing high doses to the body: a short review of the current status. Eakins JS, Ainsbury EA. J Radiol Prot. 2018 Jun;38(2):731-742. doi: 10.1088/1361-6498/aabffe. Epub 2018 Apr 25.
Quantities for assessing high photon doses to the body: a calculational approach. Eakins JS, Ainsbury EA. J Radiol Prot. 2018 Jun;38(2):743-762. doi: 10.1088/1361-6498/aabffc. Epub 2018 Apr 25.
An exact goodness-of-fit test based on the occupancy problems to study zero-inflation and zero-deflation in biological dosimetry data. Amanda Fernández-Fontelo, Pedro Puig, Elizabeth A. Ainsbury and Manuel Higueras. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2018 Jun 1;179(4):317-326. doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncx285.
Uncertainty on radiation doses estimated by biological and retrospective physical methods. Ainsbury EA, Samaga D, Della Monaca S, Marrale M, Bassinet C, Burbidge CI, Correcher V, Discher M, Eakins J, Fattibene P, Güçlü I, Higueras M, Lund E, Maltar-Strmecki N, McKeever S, Rääf CL, Sholom S, Veronese I, Wieser A, Woda C, Trompier F. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2018 Mar 1;178(4):382-404. doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncx125.
Chromosome analysis in a case of a plutonium contaminated wound. Tawn EJ, Curwen GB, Riddell AE, Lloyd DC, Ainsbury EA. J Radiol Prot. 2017 Apr 18;37(2):N13-N19. doi: 10.1088/1361-6498/aa595c.
Guidance on radiation dose limits for the lens of the eye: overview of the recommendations in NCRP Commentary No. 26. Dauer LT, Ainsbury EA, Dynlacht J, Hoel D, Klein BE, Mayer D, Prescott CR, Thornton RH, Vano E, Woloschak GE, Flannery CM, Goldstein LE, Hamada N, Tran PK, Grissom MP, Blakely EA. Int J Radiat Biol. 2017 Apr 3:1-9. doi: 10.1080/09553002.2017.1304669.
Networking in biological and EPR/OSL dosimetry: the European RENEB platform for emergency preparedness and research. IJRB 93: 1, and publications therein.
Genotoxic effects of high dose rate X-ray and low dose rate gamma radiation in ApcMin/+ mice. Graupner A, Eide DM, Brede DA, Ellender M, Lindbo Hansen E, Oughton DH, Bouffler SD, Brunborg G, Olsen AK. Environ Mol Mutagen. 2017 Oct;58(8):560-569. doi: 10.1002/em.22121.
PHE-CRCE-025: doses in radiation accidents investigated by chromosomal aberration analysis XXV: review of cases investigated, 2006-2015. M Sun, J E Moquet, S Barnard, D C Lloyd, K Rothkamm and EA Ainsbury, 2016. PHE-CRCE-025.
Ionizing radiation induced cataracts: Recent biological and mechanistic developments and perspectives for future research. Ainsbury EA, Barnard S, Bright S, Dalke C, Jarrin M, Kunze S, Tanner R, Dynlacht JR, Quinlan RA, Graw J, Kadhim M, Hamada N. Mutat Res. 2016 770(Pt B):238-261. doi: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2016.07.010. Epub 2016 Jul 29.
DNA damage foci: Meaning and significance.Rothkamm K, Barnard S, Moquet J, Ellender M, Rana Z, Burdak-Rothkamm S. Environ Mol Mutagen. 2015 Jul;56(6):491-504. doi: 10.1002/em.21944. Epub 2015 Mar 12. Review.